Report: U.S. firefighter line-of-duty deaths rose 17% in 2025

The number of firefighters who died in the line of duty or from duty-related medical emergencies increased significantly last year, according to a new report from the National Fire Protection Association.

The NFPA’s annual “Fatal Firefighter Injuries in the U.S.” report found 83 firefighters died in 2025, up from 69 in 2024, a 17% increase. Heart attacks remained the leading cause of firefighter deaths, accounting for 45 fatalities.

Twenty-seven occurred while firefighters were on duty, while 18 happened within 24 hours after responding to calls or performing firefighting duties.

Researchers say sudden cardiac death continues to be one of the biggest threats facing firefighters, particularly volunteers.

“Fitness programs, annual medical evaluations and medical monitoring continue to serve as important preventative measures,” said Richard Campbell, the report’s lead author and a senior research analyst with the NFPA.

The report also found:13 firefighters died in vehicle crashes. Five were killed after becoming trapped and five were struck by objects. Falls and assaults each claimed four lives. Volunteer firefighters accounted for the majority of the fatalities, with 45 volunteer firefighters and 34 career firefighters among those who died.

While 2025 saw an increase over the previous year, the NFPA notes the long-term trend has steadily improved. Annual firefighter fatalities have generally declined since the organization began tracking them nearly 50 years ago.

The organization says the findings underscore the continued need for firefighter wellness programs, medical screenings, injury prevention efforts and safe driving practices as departments respond to an increasing number of complex emergencies.